See -ος in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -ος meaning in Ancient Greek (7.5kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "grk-pro",
"3": "*-os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *-os",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-os",
"id": "thematic"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os. Cognate with the Latin masculine -us (from Old Latin and Proto-Italic *-os both in names and adjectives).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-os",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "-ου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ου",
"2": "m",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "-ος • (-os) m (genitive -ου); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 15 15 9 8 8 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 31 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to verbal roots to form an o-grade action noun."
],
"id": "en--ος-grc-suffix-grc:o_grade",
"senseid": [
"grc:o-grade"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ος"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-os",
"id": "athematic"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-os.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-os",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "-εος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ους",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-εος",
"2": "n",
"3": "third",
"gen2": "-ους"
},
"expansion": "-ος • (-os) n (genitive -εος or -ους); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ἔπᾰθον (épathon, “I experienced”, aorist) + -ος (-os) → πᾰ́θος (páthos, “experience, emotion”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to verbal roots to form a noun of result or an abstract noun of action.",
"Added to the zero-grade."
],
"id": "en--ος-grc-suffix-WSMiLdn3",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "μείρομαι (meíromai, “to receive as one's portion”) + -ος (-os) → μέρος (méros, “part”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to verbal roots to form a noun of result or an abstract noun of action.",
"Added to the e-grade."
],
"id": "en--ος-grc-suffix-oqG01rmy",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ος"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "-os",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ος",
"roman": "-os",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ω",
"roman": "-ō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-οι",
"roman": "-oi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ου",
"roman": "-ou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-οιν",
"roman": "-oin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ων",
"roman": "-ōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ῳ",
"roman": "-ōi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-οιν",
"roman": "-oin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-οις",
"roman": "-ois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ον",
"roman": "-on",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ω",
"roman": "-ō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ους",
"roman": "-ous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ε",
"roman": "-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ω",
"roman": "-ō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-οι",
"roman": "-oi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-ος • (-os)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ος",
"2": "-ου"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "-ē",
"word": "-η"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "-s",
"word": "-ς"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 9 9 19 14 14 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ἄνθρωπος m or f (ánthrōpos, “person”)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "masculine and feminine second-declension nouns"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nominative singular of masculine and feminine second-declension nouns"
],
"id": "en--ος-grc-suffix-Gah7j9AP",
"links": [
[
"second-declension",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek second declension#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ἄλλος m (állos, “other”)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "first- and second-declension adjectives"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Masculine nominative singular of first- and second-declension adjectives"
],
"id": "en--ος-grc-suffix-DLaVg4yx",
"links": [
[
"first-",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek first declension#English"
],
[
"second-declension",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek second declension#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ἄδικος m or f (ádikos, “unjust”)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "second-declension adjectives"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Masculine and feminine nominative singular of second-declension adjectives"
],
"id": "en--ος-grc-suffix-unhSgytE",
"links": [
[
"second-declension",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek second declension#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ὀνόματος n (onómatos, “of a name”)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "consonant-stem or uncontracted third-declension nouns"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Genitive singular of consonant-stem or uncontracted third-declension nouns"
],
"id": "en--ος-grc-suffix-H3jSrST3",
"links": [
[
"third-declension",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek third declension#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "παντός m or n (pantós, “of the whole of”)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "consonant-stem or uncontracted third-declension masculine or neuter adjectives"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Genitive singular of consonant-stem or uncontracted third-declension masculine or neuter adjectives"
],
"id": "en--ος-grc-suffix-gNDWs1B5",
"links": [
[
"third-declension",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek third declension#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "-ος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek inflectional suffixes",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Ancient Greek masculine suffixes",
"Ancient Greek noun-forming suffixes",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"Ancient Greek suffixes",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"Ancient Greek unaccented terms"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "grk-pro",
"3": "*-os"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic *-os",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-os",
"id": "thematic"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Hellenic *-os, from Proto-Indo-European *-os. Cognate with the Latin masculine -us (from Old Latin and Proto-Italic *-os both in names and adjectives).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-os",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "-ου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ου",
"2": "m",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "-ος • (-os) m (genitive -ου); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Added to verbal roots to form an o-grade action noun."
],
"senseid": [
"grc:o-grade"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek inflectional suffixes",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek neuter nouns",
"Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension",
"Ancient Greek neuter suffixes",
"Ancient Greek noun-forming suffixes",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"Ancient Greek suffixes",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"Ancient Greek third-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek unaccented terms"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-os",
"id": "athematic"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-os",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-os.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-os",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "-εος",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ους",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-εος",
"2": "n",
"3": "third",
"gen2": "-ους"
},
"expansion": "-ος • (-os) n (genitive -εος or -ους); third declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ἔπᾰθον (épathon, “I experienced”, aorist) + -ος (-os) → πᾰ́θος (páthos, “experience, emotion”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to verbal roots to form a noun of result or an abstract noun of action.",
"Added to the zero-grade."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "μείρομαι (meíromai, “to receive as one's portion”) + -ος (-os) → μέρος (méros, “part”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to verbal roots to form a noun of result or an abstract noun of action.",
"Added to the e-grade."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek inflectional suffixes",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
"Ancient Greek suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "-os",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-ος",
"roman": "-os",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ω",
"roman": "-ō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-οι",
"roman": "-oi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ου",
"roman": "-ou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-οιν",
"roman": "-oin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ων",
"roman": "-ōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ῳ",
"roman": "-ōi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-οιν",
"roman": "-oin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-οις",
"roman": "-ois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ον",
"roman": "-on",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ω",
"roman": "-ō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ους",
"roman": "-ous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ε",
"roman": "-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ω",
"roman": "-ō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-οι",
"roman": "-oi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-ος • (-os)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ος",
"2": "-ου"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"roman": "-ē",
"word": "-η"
},
{
"roman": "-s",
"word": "-ς"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ἄνθρωπος m or f (ánthrōpos, “person”)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "masculine and feminine second-declension nouns"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nominative singular of masculine and feminine second-declension nouns"
],
"links": [
[
"second-declension",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek second declension#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ἄλλος m (állos, “other”)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "first- and second-declension adjectives"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Masculine nominative singular of first- and second-declension adjectives"
],
"links": [
[
"first-",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek first declension#English"
],
[
"second-declension",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek second declension#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ἄδικος m or f (ádikos, “unjust”)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "second-declension adjectives"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Masculine and feminine nominative singular of second-declension adjectives"
],
"links": [
[
"second-declension",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek second declension#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ὀνόματος n (onómatos, “of a name”)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "consonant-stem or uncontracted third-declension nouns"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Genitive singular of consonant-stem or uncontracted third-declension nouns"
],
"links": [
[
"third-declension",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek third declension#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "παντός m or n (pantós, “of the whole of”)"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "consonant-stem or uncontracted third-declension masculine or neuter adjectives"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Genitive singular of consonant-stem or uncontracted third-declension masculine or neuter adjectives"
],
"links": [
[
"third-declension",
"Appendix:Ancient Greek third declension#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"morpheme",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "-ος"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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